Abstract

This mixed-method study examines Nigeria's diplomatic trajectory and international relations framework from independence to the contemporary era, analyzing the evolution of the country's foreign policy objectives, diplomatic strategies, and global engagement patterns. Through a combination of archival research, diplomatic interviews, and quantitative analysis of international cooperation indicators, this research investigates Nigeria's role as a regional power, its leadership in African continental affairs, and its positioning in global multilateral institutions. The study employed a convergent parallel mixed-methods design, incorporating qualitative data from 52 in-depth interviews with diplomats, foreign policy analysts, and international relations experts, alongside quantitative survey data from 350 stakeholders across diplomatic missions, academic institutions, and policy research centers. Findings reveal Nigeria's complex diplomatic identity as both a regional hegemon and a developing nation seeking global recognition, with 82% of respondents acknowledging Nigeria's leadership role in West Africa while 67% identifying challenges in translating demographic and economic potential into effective international influence. The research contributes to understanding how post-colonial African states navigate international relations while balancing domestic priorities with continental and global responsibilities. Results indicate that Nigeria's diplomatic experience reflects broader patterns of African international engagement, offering
insights into South-South cooperation, multilateral diplomacy, and the role of middle powers in global governance structures.

Keywords: International relations, Nigerian diplomacy, African foreign policy, multilateral engagement, regional leadership